I don’t fully buy the idea that effective leaders are simply “born.” Some people clearly start with advantages (confidence, communication, charisma), but I think leadership is mostly made through experience: learning to handle pressure, listening better, getting feedback, and improving how you make decisions with people.
On the second question, I think you can be a successful leader without formal power, especially when you lead through trust, expertise, and example (more “personal power” than “position power”). A real-life example for me is Greta Thunberg in the early stage of the climate movement. She had no title, no authority, and no ability to reward or punish anyone—yet she influenced millions through consistency, clarity, and credibility. Another example (more everyday) is a senior nurse or team lead in a hospital who isn’t the “boss” on paper, but becomes the person everyone follows because they’re calm in crises, highly competent, and people trust their judgement.
So my view is: the best leaders are usually built over time, and the strongest influence often comes from expertise and respect, not from forcing people to comply.
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